For seven years a major U.S. pharmaceutical company knew of an astounding cancer killer--but decided to tell nobody about it...ever!!
My Dear Friend,
There isn't a scarier moment in anyone's life than when a biopsy comes back positive. It's cancer...It's the beginning of a battle in which no holds are barred. Anyone with any sense will do almost anything at all to try and destroy the killer disease...
Imagine one pharmaceutical company had the answer...had it, as it was, for SEVEN FULL YEARS...yet, not only didn't tell anyone about it--but decided not to tell anyone about it ever!?
Why? Because the substance they researched is completely natural so they couldn't take out a patent on it.
For seven long years they tried to artificially mimic the compound's effect in the lab but couldn't. Mother Nature is the only thing that worked. They had no way to make money on the stuff--so they shelved all of their research.
Can you imagine how many Americans may have died in vain during that time?
Read on to learn the full story of the astounding tree from the Amazon Rainforest they kept from you--but that's just the beginning.
Within the next 10 years almost 50% of all Americans will discover, to their horror, that the "tight feeling" is, indeed, a heart attack...
And almost one out of every three of them will die...
...completely needlessly!
Needlessly , because, right now, as you read these words, brilliant medical researchers are successfully treating cancer...heart disease...high-blood pressure...diabetes...osteoporosis...prostate problems...back pain...chronic fatigue...allergies...asthma and arthritis--without resorting to dangerous drugs or surgery.
Yet, while these therapies are available today--almost none of them will get to the people who need them so desperately for at least 10 years!
Can you, or someone you love dearly, afford to wait?
You need these breakthroughs now because you or someone you love may be in pain now...or taking toxic drugs...or facing surgery.
You may actually be in danger of losing your life. You need to know about all your options. And, unfortunately, your doctor doesn't have all the answers. Chances are he doesn't know about these cures himself! Hard to believe?
Over 10 years ago, a brilliant group of researchers set out to evaluate the cancer-blocking properties of the common mineral selenium. They found it reduced lung cancer risk by a whopping 46%, colon cancer risk by 58%, and prostate cancer by 62%!! Their findings were published in the Journal of The American Medical Association...finally!
Through no fault of his own, it could take your doctor an additional 10 long years to hear about a natural cancer treatment that's revolutionary and could help make cancer more manageable. But is there a reason why you should wait that long to know? Absolutely not! I'll tell you all about it--keep reading...
It will take most Americans another 10 years to be told the vitamin E they've been taking is NOT aiding them in their fight against heart disease. Chances are, even your doctor doesn't know that a safe, more effective, form of vitamin E is just a single miracle-pill away! You, however, won't have to wait that long. You'll find details if you keep reading.
And, similarly, your doctor knows there's little that can be done against the ravages of aging. He may know that human growth hormone (HGH) can turn back your biological clock by as much as 20 years. But he also knows that HGH treatment is not only very expensive, but is also dangerous and fraught with severe side effects.
What your doctor probably doesn't know, and isn't likely to learn about for another 10 years, is that RIGHT NOW there's an HGH treatment available that DOES NOT involve the administration of any hormone. This treatment is as effective as HGH hormone therapy, but is completely safe and costs about as much as a cup of coffee a day!
Imagine regaining lost muscle mass and tone...more hair...flexibility... sharper vision...thicker, smoother, and more supple skin...it's available today and I'll tell you all about it.
But, believe it or not, not knowing
about these cures isn't the worst of it!
Some of the latest breakthroughs your doctor DOES know about and use are actually worse than the health problems he's trying to solve!
Do you--or anyone you know--suffer from arthritis? Millions of Americans do. In some cases, the illness turns their lives into a living hell of disability and pain.
If you're one of those people, just walk into any doctor's office and I'll bet you'll walk out with an NSAID (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug).
You're probably nodding your head and saying: "been there...done that"...and I bet you're still in pain! Do you know why? Because NSAIDs are ultimately ineffective in beating arthritis!
Yes, they mask the pain for a little while--but they don't ever get to the root of the problem. What temporary relief you do find can come at a great cost. For starters, they can damage your liver and kidneys and induce gastrointestinal bleeding. Plus, they can actually make your arthritis worse by damaging your cartilage!
And all that suffering is needless!
I'll tell you about an amazing compound that goes well beyond reducing arthritis pain. It can actually repair and rebuild damaged joints, and, in effect, help to reverse arthritis-- without side effects!
So the question returns, more emphatic than ever:
If these cures are so wonderful, what keeps them away from the American people? Why is it happening?
Alas, your health is BIG business!
The main reason why natural, cutting-edge cures are doomed to remain the privilege of the very lucky few is because the mainstream medical establishment and the big drug manufacturers make sure of that.
No, it's not a conspiracy. It's just that hundreds of billions of dollars are at stake. Like it or not, your health happens to be a huge business and the "big boys" of the establishment play hard ball, and they play for keeps.
Think about it for a moment: The most powerful drug makers in the world have invested hundreds of millions to create a number of anti- cholesterol drugs. These drugs are only partially effective and are laden with serious side effects.
So, you tell me: Why would those drug makers let anyone tell you that you can lower your cholesterol--without any side effects--by eating about 4 cents worth of...simple onion a day?
You have the right to know about all these breakthroughs today and make your own decisions. After all, it's your life!
And this is why Health Sciences Institute, or HSI, was created.
Some of the most brilliant medical minds
on earth got together, because you have
the right to know NOW!
The obstacles that stand in the way of pioneering natural medical research scientists are immense. Dedicated researchers who wish to bring you breakthrough, life-saving, natural cures find their ways all but completely blocked.
...they face the scorn of the establishment and interest groups
...they face the financial pressure of drug makers (who, by the way, monitor almost all pharmacies and know almost to a "t" exactly how many prescriptions each doctor writes for their products. They actually call "underperforming" doctors to task!)
...they're made to face suffocating, endless red tape
...they're blocked at every step by out-of-control regulators
Traditionally, most of them just gave up...until now.
Now, for the first time ever, instead of throwing their hands up in frustration, a world-wide group of brilliant doctors and scientists did the unthinkable. They got together.
Pioneers of revolutionary medicine--from aging and allergies to cancer and heart disease--realized that with a combined voice they could get their discoveries to light--and bring them to you.
This is why they joined Health Sciences Institute--a unique members-only organization that's dedicated to doing one thing: breaking the barriers big-money medicine has placed before revolutionary natural cures--and bringing breakthrough information on those cures to you RIGHT NOW!! No more waiting.
As a result, the Health Sciences Institute has become one of the world's most important and revolutionary sources for cutting-edge medical information. Unlike anything before it, HSI doesn't represent the opinion of a single, self-appointed "guru," but contains the unmatched combined wisdom of the world's most formidable medical minds.
And, as you'll find ahead, Health Sciences Institute doesn't just tell you about a new therapy--it also tells you where to get it, recommended dosages, what results you may reasonably expect, and how quickly.
HSI does all this through a monthly publication called the Health Sciences Institute Members Alert.
Almost overnight, the clear and easy-to-read HSI Members Alert , has become a legend in the alternative medical industry as the quintessential source for cutting-edge medical discoveries. Many physicians all over the world use the HSI Members Alert to bring their own patients medical solutions and treatments available nowhere else.
The reason I'm writing you this letter today is to invite you to become a member of the Health Sciences Institute--to become one of the privileged few who can learn ways to eradicate pain and illness from their lives today, while the rest of America, unfortunately, has to wait.
To help you make up your mind, we've gathered some of the recent natural healing breakthroughs discovered by Health Sciences Institute doctors and researchers in this report. The therapies detailed here are taken from the pages of the HSI Members Alert and are only a small sampling of the life-saving breakthroughs that can be yours.
Should you choose to become a member, the complete story of these exciting therapies is waiting for you in your FREE Urgent Health Alert Library . But I'll tell you more about it later.
So, go ahead and read. When you've finished and are ready to make your decision, just ask yourself a simple question:
Can you and your loved ones afford NOT to know about any of this?
Sincerely yours,
Jenny Thompson
Director, Health Sciences Institute
Chapter 1
How many people died in vain while this billion-dollar
drug maker concealed the secret of the miraculous Graviola tree?
If there ever was a single example that makes it dramatically clear why the existence of Health Sciences Institute is so vital to Americans like you, it's the incredible story behind the Graviola tree.
The truth is stunningly simple: Deep within the Amazon Rainforest grows a tree that could literally revolutionize what you, your doctor, and the rest of the world thinks about cancer treatment and chances of survival. The future has never looked more promising.
Research shows that with extracts from this miraculous tree it now may be possible to...
* Attack cancer safely and effectively with an all-natural therapy that does not cause extreme nausea, weight loss and hair loss
* Protect your immune system and avoid deadly infections
* Feel stronger and healthier throughout the course of the treatment
* Boost your energy and improve your outlook on life
The source of this information is just as stunning: It comes from one of America's largest drug manufacturers, the fruit of over 20 laboratory tests conducted since the 1970's! What those tests revealed was nothing short of mind numbing... Extracts from the tree were shown to:
* Effectively target and kill malignant cells in 12 types of cancer, including colon, breast, prostate, lung and pancreatic cancer.
* The tree compounds proved to be up to 10,000 times stronger in slowing the growth of cancer cells than Adriamycin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug!
* What's more, unlike chemotherapy, the compound extracted from the Graviola tree selectively hunts down and kills only cancer cells. It does not harm healthy cells!
The amazing anti-cancer properties of the Graviola tree have been extensively researched--so why haven't you heard anything about it? If Graviola extract is as half as promising as it appears to be--why doesn't every single oncologist at every major hospital insist on using it on all his or her patients?
The spine-chilling answer illustrates just how easily our health--and for many, our very lives(!)--are controlled by money and power.
Graviola--the plant that worked too well
One of America's biggest billion-dollar drug makers began a search for a cancer cure and their research centered on Graviola, a legendary healing tree from the Amazon Rainforest.
Various parts of the Graviola tree--including the bark, leaves, roots, fruit and fruit-seeds--have been used for centuries by medicine men and native Indians in South America to treat heart disease, asthma, liver problems and arthritis. Going on very little documented scientific evidence, the company poured money and resources into testing the tree's anti-cancerous properties--and were shocked by the results. Graviola proved itself to be a cancer-killing dynamo.
But that's where the Graviola story nearly ended.
The company had one huge problem with the Graviola tree--it's completely natural, and so, under federal law, not patentable. There's no way to make serious profits from it.
It turns out the drug company invested nearly seven years trying to synthesize two of the Graviola tree's most powerful anti-cancer ingredients. If they could isolate and produce man-made clones of what makes the Graviola so potent, they'd be able to patent it and make their money back. Alas, they hit a brick wall. The original simply could not be replicated. There was no way the company could protect its profits--or even make back the millions it poured into research.
As the dream of huge profits evaporated, their testing on Graviola came to a screeching halt. Even worse, the company shelved the entire project and chose not to publish the findings of its research!
Luckily, however, there was one scientist from the Graviola research team whose conscience wouldn't let him see such atrocity committed. Risking his career, he contacted a company that's dedicated to harvesting medical plants from the Amazon Rainforest and blew the whistle.
Miracle unleashed
When researchers at the Health Sciences Institute were alerted to the news of Graviola, they began tracking the research done on the cancer-killing tree. Evidence of the astounding effectiveness of Graviola--and its shocking cover-up--came in fast and furious...
...The National Cancer Institute performed the first scientific research in 1976. The results showed that Graviola's "leaves and stems were found effective in attacking and destroying malignant cells." Inexplicably, the results were published in an internal report and never released to the public...
...Since 1976, Graviola has proven to be an immensely potent cancer killer in 20 independent laboratory tests, yet no double-blind clinical trials--the typical benchmark mainstream doctors and journals use to judge a treatment's value--were ever initiated...
...A study published in the Journal of Natural Products, following a recent study conducted at Catholic University of South Korea stated that one chemical in Graviola was found to selectively kill colon cancer cells at "10,000 times the potency of (the commonly used chemotherapy drug) Adriamycin..."
...The most significant part of the Catholic University of South Korea report is that Graviola was shown to selectively target the cancer cells, leaving healthy cells untouched. Unlike chemotherapy, which indiscriminately targets all actively reproducing cells (such as stomach and hair cells), causing the often devastating side effects of nausea and hair loss in cancer patients.
...A study at Purdue University recently found that leaves from the Graviola tree killed cancer cells among six human cell lines and were especially effective against prostate, pancreatic and lung cancers...
Seven years of silence broken--it's finally here!
A limited supply of Graviola extract, grown and harvested by indigenous people in Brazil, is finally available in America. The full Graviola story--including where you can get it and how to use it--is included in Beyond Chemotherapy: New Cancer Killers, Safe as Mother's Milk, a Health Sciences Institute FREE special bonus report on natural substances that will effectively revolutionize the fight against cancer.
This crucial report (along with five more FREE reports) is yours ABSOLUTELY FREE with a new membership to the Health Sciences Institute. It's just one example of how absolutely vital each report from the Institute can be to your life and those of your loved ones.
From breakthrough cancer and heart research and revolutionary Amazon Rainforest herbology to world-leading anti-aging research and nutritional medicine, every monthly Health Sciences Institute Member's Alert puts in your hands today cures the rest of America--including your own doctor(!)--is likely to find out only ten years from now.
You need the Health Sciences Institute in your life because you and your loved ones deserve to know--and you deserve to know it NOW!!
Sunday, September 7, 2008
Thursday, August 28, 2008
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGIES
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGIES
WOCKHARDT INSTITUTE OF NURSING
BANGALORE-78.
CREATED BY SHYAM MOHAN
>>>>GIT<<<<
Antacids - Antacids are medicines that neutralize stomach acid.
Antiemitics - Antiemetic drugs are used to prevent vomiting (emesis) in chemotherapy patients and postoperative patients. Antiemetic drugs are drugs used to combat nausea and vomiting.
H2-receptor antagonist - The H2 antagonists are competitive inhibitors of histamine at the parietal cell H2 receptor. They suppress the normal secretion of acid by parietal cells and the meal-stimulated secretion of acid.
Proton pump inhibitor - They are a group of drugs whose main action is pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production. They are the most potent inhibitors of acid secretion available today.
Laxatives - Laxatives are products that promote bowel movements.
Antidiarrhoeal -Drug used to treat diarrhoea by absorbing water from the intestine, altering intestinal motility, or adsorbing toxins.
>>>>BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS<<<<
Anticoagulant - Compounds that prevent or slow the process of blood clotting or coagulation, either in samples of blood taken for analysis or in the body.
There are two main types of anticoagulants: heparin and vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin).
Antihypertensives - They are a class of drugs that are used in medicine and pharmacology to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).
Diuretics - Diuretics are medicines that help reduce the amount of water in the body.
Diuretics are used to treat the buildup of excess fluid in the body that occurs with some medical conditions such as congestive heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Some diuretics are also prescribed to treat high blood pressure & help the kidneys eliminate excess salt and water from the body's tissues and blood.
Vasodilators - Vasodilators are medicines that act directly on muscles in blood vessel walls to make blood vessels widen (dilate).
Examples of vasodilators are hydralazine (Apreso-line) and minoxidil (Loniten).
Antianginal - An antianginal is any drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, a symptom of ischaemic heart disease.
Thrombolytic drug - substance, such as streptokinase or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), that causes the breakdown of blood clots that obstruct the flow of blood through the vessels. Its uses include injection during or shortly after a heart attack or stroke to prevent clots from blocking blood flow to the heart muscle or brain.
Antiarrhythmic agent - Antiarrhythmic agents are a group of pharmaceuticals that are used to suppress fast rhythms of the heart (cardiac arrhythmias), such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation.
Angiotensin - Converting Enzyme Inhibitors- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (also called ACE inhibitors) are medicines that block the conversion of the chemical angiotensin I to a substance that increases salt and water retention in the body.
ACE inhibitor - Any of a class of drugs that cause vasodilation and are used to treat hypertension and heart failure.
Hypolipidemic agent - are a diverse group of pharmaceuticals that are used in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. They are called lipid-lowering drugs (LLD) or agents.
Beta Blockers - Beta blockers are medicines that affect the body's response to certain nerve impulses. This, in turn, decreases the force and rate of the heart's contractions, which lowers blood pressure and reduces the heart's demand for oxygen.
>>>>SKIN<<<<
Antipruritic - Antipruritics, also known as anti-itch drugs, are medications that inhibit the itching (Latin: pruritus) that is often associated with sunburns, allergic reactions, eczema, psoriasis, chickenpox, fungal infections, insect bites and stings like those from mosquitoes, fleas, and mites, and contact dermatitis and urticaria caused by plants such as poison ivy (urushiol-induced contact dermatitis) or stinging nettle.
Eg : Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benedryl), Corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone topical cream, Local anesthetics such as benzocaine topical cream (Lanacaine), Counterirritants such as mint oil, menthol, or camphor
>>>>REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM <<<<
Hormonal contraception - Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the hormonal system.
Fertility drug - Any of a variety of substances used to increase the possibility of conception and successful pregnancy.
Selective estrogen receptor modulator- Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are a class of medication that acts on the estrogen receptor.[1] A characteristic that distinguishes these substances from pure receptor agonists and antagonists is that their action is different in various tissues, thereby granting the possibility to selectively inhibit or stimulate estrogen-like action in various tissues.
Sex hormone - Any of various hormones, such as estrogen and androgen, affecting the growth or function of the reproductive organs, the development of secondary sex characteristics, and the behavioral patterns of animals.
>>>>ENDOCRINE SYSTEM<<<<
Antidiabetic drugs - are medicines that help control blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes).
Corticosteroids - Corticosteriods are a group of natural and synthetic analogues of the hormones secreted by the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, more commonly referred to as the pituitary gland. These include glucocorticoids, which are anti-inflammatory agents with a large number of other functions; mineralocorticoids, which control salt and water balance primarily through action on the kidneys; and corticotropins, which control secretion of hormones by the pituitary gland.
Thyroid Hormones - Thyroid hormones are artificially made hormones that make up for a lack of natural hormones produced by the thyroid gland.eg-levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid).
>>>>INFECTION & INFESTATIONS<<<<
Antibiotics - Antibiotics may be informally defined as the sub-group of anti-infectives that are derived from bacterial sources and are used to treat bacterial infections.
Eg -Sulfonamides,Declomycin
Antiviral Drugs - Antiviral drugs are medicines that cure or control virus infections.
Eg - there are currently only 11 antiviral drugs available, covering four types of virus.
Acyclovir (Zovirax), famciclovir (Famvir), and valacyclovir (Valtrex) are effective against herpesvirus, including herpes zoster and herpes genitalis.
Amantadine (Symmetrel), oseltamivir (Tamiflu), rimantidine (Flumadine), and zanamivir (Relenza) are useful in treatment of influenza virus.
Amantadine, rimantadine, and oseltamivir may be administered throughout the flu season as preventatives for patients who cannot take influenza virus vaccine.
Cidofovir (Vistide), foscarnet (Foscavir), and ganciclovir (Cytovene) have been beneficial in treatment of cytomegalovirus in immunosupressed patients, primarily HIV-positive patients and transplant recipients.
Vaccine - Agent prepared to produce active immunity that usually kills microbes, attenuated live microbes, or variant strains of microbes and can induce antibody production without producing disease.
A preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus, or of a portion of the pathogen's structure that upon administration stimulates antibody production or cellular immunity against the pathogen but is incapable of causing severe infection.
Antifungal drug - An antifungal drug is medication used to treat fungal infections such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others.
Antiprotozoal agent - is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoal infections.
Examples : Eflornithine,Furazolidone,Melarsoprol,Metronidazole,Ornidazole,Paromomycin sulfate,Pentamidine,Pyrimethamine,Tinidazole.
Anthelmintic - Anthelmintics are drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) from the body, by either killing or stunning them. A traditional remedy of this type is often called a vermifuge or vermicide.
>>>>MALIGNANT & IMMUNE DISEASE<<<<
Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy is treatment of cancer with anticancer drugs.
Immunosuppressive drug - any of a variety of substances used to prevent production of antibodies. They are commonly used to prevent rejection by a recipient's body of an organ transplanted from a donor
>>>>MUSCLES, BONES & JOINTS<<<<
Anabolic steroid - A group of synthetic hormones that promote the storage of protein and the growth of tissue, sometimes used by athletes to increase muscle size and strength.
Anti-inflammatory - Preventing or reducing inflammation.
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug - is a category of drugs used in many autoimmune disorders to slow down disease progression. Their use was first propagated in rheumatoid arthritis (hence their name) but has come to include many other diseases, such as Crohn's disease, lupus erythematosus (SLE), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), myasthenia gravis and various others.
Muscle relaxant - An agent that specifically aids in reducing muscle tone. Most such agents inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses at the somatic neuromuscular junctions. They include tubocurarine, gallamine, pancuronium, succinylcholine and decamethonium bromide.
>>>>BRAIN & NERVOUS SYSTEM<<<<
Anesthesia - A drug, administered for medical or surgical purposes, that induces partial or total loss of sensation and may be topical, local, regional, or general, depending on the method of administration and area of the body affected.
Analgesic - is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain (achieve analgesia).
Anticonvulsants - Anticonvulsants are a class of drugs indicated for the treatment of various types of seizures associated with seizure disorders such as epilepsy, a neurological dysfunction in which excessive surges of electrical energy are emitted in the brain, and other disorders.
Mood stabilizer - A mood stabilizer is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders characterized by rapid and unstable mood shifts. The most common is bipolar disorder, where mood stabilizers suppress swings between mania and depression, and these drugs are also used in borderline personality disorder. Most mood stabilizers are anticonvulsants, with the important exception of lithium, which is the oldest and best known mood stabilizing drug.
Anxiolytic drugs - Preventing or reducing anxiety.Anxiolytic drugs are drugs having anti-anxiety effects. They are sometimes referred to as minor tranquilizers.
Antipsychotic drugs - Antipsychotic drugs are a class of medicines used to treat psychosis and other mental and emotional conditions
Antidepressant Drugs - Antidepressant drugs are medicines that relieve symptoms of depressive disorders.
Stimulant - Something that causes and encourages a given response. A food or drink, especially an alcoholic drink, believed to have a stimulating effect.
>>>>RESPIRATORY SYSTEM<<<<
Bronchodilators - Bronchodilators are medicines that help open the bronchial tubes (airways) of the lungs, allowing more air to flow through them.
Decongestants - Decongestants are medicines used to relieve nasal congestion (stuffy nose).
Antihistamines - Antihistamines are drugs that block the action of histamine (a compound released in allergic inflammatory reactions) at the H1 receptor sites, responsible for immediate hypersensitivity reactions such as sneezing and itching. Members of this class of drugs may also be used for their side effects, including sedation and antiemesis (prevention of nausea and vomiting).
Antipyretic - A drug that reduces fever primarily through action on the hypothalamus, thereby resulting in increased heat dissipation through augmented peripheral blood flow and sweating.
drugs that lower your body temperature from a raised state.
WOCKHARDT INSTITUTE OF NURSING
BANGALORE-78.
CREATED BY SHYAM MOHAN
>>>>GIT<<<<
Antacids - Antacids are medicines that neutralize stomach acid.
Antiemitics - Antiemetic drugs are used to prevent vomiting (emesis) in chemotherapy patients and postoperative patients. Antiemetic drugs are drugs used to combat nausea and vomiting.
H2-receptor antagonist - The H2 antagonists are competitive inhibitors of histamine at the parietal cell H2 receptor. They suppress the normal secretion of acid by parietal cells and the meal-stimulated secretion of acid.
Proton pump inhibitor - They are a group of drugs whose main action is pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production. They are the most potent inhibitors of acid secretion available today.
Laxatives - Laxatives are products that promote bowel movements.
Antidiarrhoeal -Drug used to treat diarrhoea by absorbing water from the intestine, altering intestinal motility, or adsorbing toxins.
>>>>BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS<<<<
Anticoagulant - Compounds that prevent or slow the process of blood clotting or coagulation, either in samples of blood taken for analysis or in the body.
There are two main types of anticoagulants: heparin and vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin).
Antihypertensives - They are a class of drugs that are used in medicine and pharmacology to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).
Diuretics - Diuretics are medicines that help reduce the amount of water in the body.
Diuretics are used to treat the buildup of excess fluid in the body that occurs with some medical conditions such as congestive heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease. Some diuretics are also prescribed to treat high blood pressure & help the kidneys eliminate excess salt and water from the body's tissues and blood.
Vasodilators - Vasodilators are medicines that act directly on muscles in blood vessel walls to make blood vessels widen (dilate).
Examples of vasodilators are hydralazine (Apreso-line) and minoxidil (Loniten).
Antianginal - An antianginal is any drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, a symptom of ischaemic heart disease.
Thrombolytic drug - substance, such as streptokinase or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), that causes the breakdown of blood clots that obstruct the flow of blood through the vessels. Its uses include injection during or shortly after a heart attack or stroke to prevent clots from blocking blood flow to the heart muscle or brain.
Antiarrhythmic agent - Antiarrhythmic agents are a group of pharmaceuticals that are used to suppress fast rhythms of the heart (cardiac arrhythmias), such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation.
Angiotensin - Converting Enzyme Inhibitors- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (also called ACE inhibitors) are medicines that block the conversion of the chemical angiotensin I to a substance that increases salt and water retention in the body.
ACE inhibitor - Any of a class of drugs that cause vasodilation and are used to treat hypertension and heart failure.
Hypolipidemic agent - are a diverse group of pharmaceuticals that are used in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. They are called lipid-lowering drugs (LLD) or agents.
Beta Blockers - Beta blockers are medicines that affect the body's response to certain nerve impulses. This, in turn, decreases the force and rate of the heart's contractions, which lowers blood pressure and reduces the heart's demand for oxygen.
>>>>SKIN<<<<
Antipruritic - Antipruritics, also known as anti-itch drugs, are medications that inhibit the itching (Latin: pruritus) that is often associated with sunburns, allergic reactions, eczema, psoriasis, chickenpox, fungal infections, insect bites and stings like those from mosquitoes, fleas, and mites, and contact dermatitis and urticaria caused by plants such as poison ivy (urushiol-induced contact dermatitis) or stinging nettle.
Eg : Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benedryl), Corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone topical cream, Local anesthetics such as benzocaine topical cream (Lanacaine), Counterirritants such as mint oil, menthol, or camphor
>>>>REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM <<<<
Hormonal contraception - Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the hormonal system.
Fertility drug - Any of a variety of substances used to increase the possibility of conception and successful pregnancy.
Selective estrogen receptor modulator- Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are a class of medication that acts on the estrogen receptor.[1] A characteristic that distinguishes these substances from pure receptor agonists and antagonists is that their action is different in various tissues, thereby granting the possibility to selectively inhibit or stimulate estrogen-like action in various tissues.
Sex hormone - Any of various hormones, such as estrogen and androgen, affecting the growth or function of the reproductive organs, the development of secondary sex characteristics, and the behavioral patterns of animals.
>>>>ENDOCRINE SYSTEM<<<<
Antidiabetic drugs - are medicines that help control blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes).
Corticosteroids - Corticosteriods are a group of natural and synthetic analogues of the hormones secreted by the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, more commonly referred to as the pituitary gland. These include glucocorticoids, which are anti-inflammatory agents with a large number of other functions; mineralocorticoids, which control salt and water balance primarily through action on the kidneys; and corticotropins, which control secretion of hormones by the pituitary gland.
Thyroid Hormones - Thyroid hormones are artificially made hormones that make up for a lack of natural hormones produced by the thyroid gland.eg-levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid).
>>>>INFECTION & INFESTATIONS<<<<
Antibiotics - Antibiotics may be informally defined as the sub-group of anti-infectives that are derived from bacterial sources and are used to treat bacterial infections.
Eg -Sulfonamides,Declomycin
Antiviral Drugs - Antiviral drugs are medicines that cure or control virus infections.
Eg - there are currently only 11 antiviral drugs available, covering four types of virus.
Acyclovir (Zovirax), famciclovir (Famvir), and valacyclovir (Valtrex) are effective against herpesvirus, including herpes zoster and herpes genitalis.
Amantadine (Symmetrel), oseltamivir (Tamiflu), rimantidine (Flumadine), and zanamivir (Relenza) are useful in treatment of influenza virus.
Amantadine, rimantadine, and oseltamivir may be administered throughout the flu season as preventatives for patients who cannot take influenza virus vaccine.
Cidofovir (Vistide), foscarnet (Foscavir), and ganciclovir (Cytovene) have been beneficial in treatment of cytomegalovirus in immunosupressed patients, primarily HIV-positive patients and transplant recipients.
Vaccine - Agent prepared to produce active immunity that usually kills microbes, attenuated live microbes, or variant strains of microbes and can induce antibody production without producing disease.
A preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus, or of a portion of the pathogen's structure that upon administration stimulates antibody production or cellular immunity against the pathogen but is incapable of causing severe infection.
Antifungal drug - An antifungal drug is medication used to treat fungal infections such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others.
Antiprotozoal agent - is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoal infections.
Examples : Eflornithine,Furazolidone,Melarsoprol,Metronidazole,Ornidazole,Paromomycin sulfate,Pentamidine,Pyrimethamine,Tinidazole.
Anthelmintic - Anthelmintics are drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) from the body, by either killing or stunning them. A traditional remedy of this type is often called a vermifuge or vermicide.
>>>>MALIGNANT & IMMUNE DISEASE<<<<
Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy is treatment of cancer with anticancer drugs.
Immunosuppressive drug - any of a variety of substances used to prevent production of antibodies. They are commonly used to prevent rejection by a recipient's body of an organ transplanted from a donor
>>>>MUSCLES, BONES & JOINTS<<<<
Anabolic steroid - A group of synthetic hormones that promote the storage of protein and the growth of tissue, sometimes used by athletes to increase muscle size and strength.
Anti-inflammatory - Preventing or reducing inflammation.
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug - is a category of drugs used in many autoimmune disorders to slow down disease progression. Their use was first propagated in rheumatoid arthritis (hence their name) but has come to include many other diseases, such as Crohn's disease, lupus erythematosus (SLE), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), myasthenia gravis and various others.
Muscle relaxant - An agent that specifically aids in reducing muscle tone. Most such agents inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses at the somatic neuromuscular junctions. They include tubocurarine, gallamine, pancuronium, succinylcholine and decamethonium bromide.
>>>>BRAIN & NERVOUS SYSTEM<<<<
Anesthesia - A drug, administered for medical or surgical purposes, that induces partial or total loss of sensation and may be topical, local, regional, or general, depending on the method of administration and area of the body affected.
Analgesic - is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain (achieve analgesia).
Anticonvulsants - Anticonvulsants are a class of drugs indicated for the treatment of various types of seizures associated with seizure disorders such as epilepsy, a neurological dysfunction in which excessive surges of electrical energy are emitted in the brain, and other disorders.
Mood stabilizer - A mood stabilizer is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders characterized by rapid and unstable mood shifts. The most common is bipolar disorder, where mood stabilizers suppress swings between mania and depression, and these drugs are also used in borderline personality disorder. Most mood stabilizers are anticonvulsants, with the important exception of lithium, which is the oldest and best known mood stabilizing drug.
Anxiolytic drugs - Preventing or reducing anxiety.Anxiolytic drugs are drugs having anti-anxiety effects. They are sometimes referred to as minor tranquilizers.
Antipsychotic drugs - Antipsychotic drugs are a class of medicines used to treat psychosis and other mental and emotional conditions
Antidepressant Drugs - Antidepressant drugs are medicines that relieve symptoms of depressive disorders.
Stimulant - Something that causes and encourages a given response. A food or drink, especially an alcoholic drink, believed to have a stimulating effect.
>>>>RESPIRATORY SYSTEM<<<<
Bronchodilators - Bronchodilators are medicines that help open the bronchial tubes (airways) of the lungs, allowing more air to flow through them.
Decongestants - Decongestants are medicines used to relieve nasal congestion (stuffy nose).
Antihistamines - Antihistamines are drugs that block the action of histamine (a compound released in allergic inflammatory reactions) at the H1 receptor sites, responsible for immediate hypersensitivity reactions such as sneezing and itching. Members of this class of drugs may also be used for their side effects, including sedation and antiemesis (prevention of nausea and vomiting).
Antipyretic - A drug that reduces fever primarily through action on the hypothalamus, thereby resulting in increased heat dissipation through augmented peripheral blood flow and sweating.
drugs that lower your body temperature from a raised state.
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